Maaraynta xaquuqda maldahan ee qofku mudaharaadi karo Australia

Todobaadkasta, shacab Australian ah oo xamaasadaysan ayaa wadooyinka isugu soo baxa, iyagoo codkooda kor ugu qaadaya dibadbaxa arimo muhiim u ah. In aad dibadbaxdo ma ah danbi, laakiin dibad baxayaasha ayaa mararka qaar ku xadgudba sharcigan iyaga oo ku kaca falal xagjir ah iyo hab dhab dhaqan bulsho oo aan fiicnayn. In aad dhib la kulanto marka aad dibad baxayso waxay ku xiran tahay hadba meesha aad ku mudaharaadayso iyo sida aad u dhaqanto.

SYDNEY, AUSTRALIA - SEPTEMBER 20: Young girls protest in The Domain ahead of a climate strike rally on September 20, 2019 in Sydney, Australia. Credit: Jenny Evans/Getty Images

Waa wax la wada aaminsan yahay inaan xaq u leenahay inaan dibadbaxno dalkan Australia, laakiin xaquuq noocaas ah kuma qorna Dastuurka.

Taa badalkeeda, waxaan xaq u leenahay xoriyad aan fikirkeena siyaasadeed ku qeexno sida uu dhigayo Dastuurku.

“Waxaa jira tusaalayaal qeexaya ku garowsiinyaha xaqa dadku u leeyihiin inay si nabadgalyo ah isugu soo baxaan sida ku qoran Xeerarka Xaquuqul Binaadanka Maamulada Victoria, ACT iyo Queensland," sidaas waxaa yiri professor Luke McNamara oo ka tirsan waaxda sharciga iyo cadaalada ee jaamacadda NSW.

“Laakiin inta badan dalka, ma jiraan qoraalo gaar ah oo sheegaya in qofku xaq u leeyahay inuu mudaharaadi karo, laakiin saasoo ay tahay xeerar dhaqameedkeena ayaa ah inaan aqbalnay fikrada ah inaan xaq u leenahay inaad dibadbixi karno."

Sharuucda dibadbaxyada ayaa ku kala duwan dalka oo dhan. Queensland iyo Western Australia, tusaale ahaan waxay leeyihiin goobo badan oo macdanta laga qodo kuwaas oo soo jiita isha dadweynaha, marka goboladaas waxay leeyihiin sharuuc adadag oo mudaharaada ka dhan ah.

Sharuucda ka dhanka ah dibadbaxyada ayaa sidoo kale noqon kara kuwo balaaran.

Inkasta oo aan lagugu soo oogi karin dacwo maadaama aad tagtay dibadbax, waxaa lagugu dacwayn karaa hab dhaqan aan la aqbali karin haddaad ku kacdo inta aad dibad baxayso.

TOPSHOT - Protestors march on the streets of Sydney's central business district against US President Donald Trump's travel ban policy on February 4, 2017. Source: AFP / SAEED KHAN/AFP via Getty Images

Maxaa noqon kara hab dhaqan aan la aqbali karin?

Hab dhaqan bulshada lidi ku ah, sida inaad qof kale dhibaatayso, inaad hanti qasaare u gaysato lama aqbali karo inta aad mudaharaadayso. Professor McNamara ayaa sheegay in waxyaalaha aan la aqbali karin ay tahay su'aal la xariira heerka wuxu le'eg yihiin.

“Hab dhaqankaas waxaa runtii lagu qiimeeyaa siyaalo kala duwan oo kaysba kayska kale waa ku duwan yahay. Marka tusaale ahaan aqbalida falalka dibad baxyada qaarkooda, ama ha noqdeen dibadbaxyo socod ah ama ku fadhi ah, waxaa qiimaynaya hadba booliska goobta ku sugan."

Nikita White oo u ololaysa Amnesty International ayaa sheegtay in la ogol yahay in qaato boorar, farshaqan dibadbaxa la xariira laakiin lama ogola wax hub ahaan loo isticmaali karo.

“Haddii ay tahay midiyo ama wax ololi kara, ma aha inaad soo qaadato, maadaama ay dhici karto in lagu baaro," ayay tiri.

Carqaladaha yimaada inta dibadbaxyadu socdaan

Waxaan dhamaanteen carqaladayn ku timid howlmaalmeedkeena inta ay socdaan dibadbaxyadu. Waa waxyaalaha ugu waaweyn oo dawlada lagu cadaadin karo, waxayna soo dedejisaa in xanibaado cusub la soo rogo.

Professor McNamara ayaa sheegay inaan u baahan nahay inaad aqbalno in nolosheena la carqaladeeyo haddii ay naga go'an tahay xaquuqda mudaharaadka.

It's fair to say that disruption is inherent to the activity of protesting.

Professor Luke McNamara, Faculty of Law and Justice, UNSW

“Ujeedada laga leeyahay mudahaaradku waa in aad dadka isu soo jeediso oo ku dhiiragaliso inay waxay hayaan joojiyaan, fakaraan oo dhagaystaan fariinta aad rabto inaad gudbiso," ayuu yiri.

Waa arin lagu kala duwan yahay, maamul kastana ciqaabo u gaar ah ayuu ku soo rogaa dadka sababa carqalado waaweyn.

Hase yeeshee Australia oo dhan, dibadbax lagu sameeyo ganacsiyo muhiim ah sida dekad wayn, wado oo ka hor istaagta dadku inay shaqadooda tagaan waxaa diida sharuucda dibadbxyada ka dhanka ah (anti-protest laws).

MELBOURNE, AUSTRALIA - AUGUST 21: A man holds a banner reading "Freedom" atop a tram stop during an anti-lockdown protest on August 21, 2021 in Melbourne, Australia. Credit: Getty Images

Dr Sarah Moulds, oo ah professorad sharciga ka dhigta Jaamacada SA ayaa sheegtay in kaysas dhif ah uu qofku wajihi karo ciqaab culus oo uu ku jiro xabsi, haddii xataa aaddan ku talao galin inaad cid kale dhibaatayso.

“Magaalada Adelaide hadda waxaa soorogal ah in sadex bilood xabsi laguu dhigo inaad goob dadweyne xanibtay," ayay tiri. "Waana sharci mug wayn oo dadka ku dibadbaxaya wadooyinka ama dhisme hortiis ama baarlamaanka hortiisa ayuu sharcigan qaban karaa."

Dacwooyinka caadiyan dadka lagu soo oogo waxaa ka mid ah xadgudub, inaad dibadbaxdo addoo is qarinaya, inaad hor istaagto shaqaalha adeegyada degdega ah iyo inaad isticmaasho luqad hanjabaad ama aflagaado ah iyo inaad hanti qasaaro u gaysato.

Xaqiiqdiise, dadka intooda badan waxaa loo xiraa amardiido, marka ay si ula kac ah u jabiyaan sharciga tusaale ahaan inay isku dhajiyaan dhisme ama ay boodh ka lulaan buundo.

Xoojinta sharuucda

Hayadda Human Rights Law Centre ayaa soo bandhigtay 34 hindise sharciyeedyo dibadbaxo ama isku dayo sharciga lagu badalayo oo 26 ka mid ah la ansixiyay 20 sano ee la soo dhaafay. Intooda badana waxay adkaynayeen in dadku dibad baxaan.

“Waxay ila tahay in guud ahaan jihada loo sii siqayo ay tahay in danbi laga dhigo in qofku dibadbaxo," ayuu yiri Dr Moulds.

Helida ogolaansho

Qaybta ugu muhiimsan dibadbaxyada Australia waa helida ogolaansho rasmi ah.

Haddii aad qorshaynayso isu soo bax balaaran waxaad si si qoraal ah ogolaansho uga codsan kartaa booliska ama golaha deegaanka meesha mudaharaadku ka dhacayo.

“Haddii ogolaanshaas aad haysato boolisku ma isticmaali karo awoodaha qaarkood si uu dibadbaxa u xakameeyo." sida uu sharaxayo professor McNamara.

“Tusaale ahaan taraafiga waa la hakin karaa intii waqti ah haddii dibadbaxu yahay mid la ogolaaday, wadooyinkan waa loo xiri karaa."

Ogolaanshahaas wuxuu ku siinayaa kalsooni ah in boolisku uusan idin soo faragalinayn ama uusan dadka ka dalbanayn inay meesha ka tagaan. Taas badalkeeda booliska yimaada wuxuu hubinayaa in dibadbaxu si nadiif ah uu dhaco, dibadbaxayaashuna waxayba dareemayaan in boolisku iyaga difaacayo.

SYDNEY, AUSTRALIA - MAY 06: Climate activists march through the CBD during the 'School Strike 4 Climate' on May 06, 2022 in Sydney, Australia. Credit: Lisa Maree Williams/Getty Images

Maxaa dhacaya haddii boolisku ku xiro

Haddii lagu xiro, waa inaad la xariirto qareen. Xarumaha Sharciga Bulshada ayaa sidppf you are detained, you should contact a lawyer. Community Legal Centres also provide legal advice and ensure that your rights are respected.

Nasiib wanaag waxaan ku nool nahay dal booliska, dacwad oogaha iyo xaakimadu ay runtii qiimeeyaan xoriyadan, marka ciqaab badan ma saaraan mudaradayaasha.

We do luckily live in a society where police and prosecutors and judges really still value this freedom and so haven't been applying the most serious penalties.

Dr Sarah Moulds, Associate Professor, Law, University of South Australia

Ogow xaquuqahaaga

Ururada ka jira Australia oo dhan sida Human Rights Law Centre, Amnesty International iyo Golaha xaafadaada ee u dooda xaquuqda madaniga ah ayaa bixiya macluumaad sax ah oo ku saabsan dibadbaxyada iyo sharuucda la xariira.